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How the best (and worst) sci-fi film titles were born

How the best (and worst) sci-fi film titles were born
Star Wars and Star Trek were killer titles. Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen ... not so much.

At a recent retreat for the staff of SCI FI Wire—memory is vague, but it was at some luxurious, exclusive resort where time is usually spent figuring out how to spend that Goldman Sachs bonus—we columnists received our marching orders, in this case to concentrate on the titles of sci-fi, fantasy and horror projects. Hence the recent "65 of sci-fi's most amusing 'one letter off' titles" and this month's contribution from sci-fi writer Cassutt.

Okay, I'm kidding. The similarity of subject is entirely coincidental.

How the best (and worst) sci-fi film titles were born
Successful titles have come from made-up words, well-known words in new contexts and mash-ups.

But still important. The title is the audience's first contact with your book, movie, television series, game, even your blog. Successful titles range from made-up words (Neuromancer, Cryptonomicon) to well-known words in new contexts (Dune, Matrix, Terminator, Avatar) to mash-ups (Pride and Prejudice and Zombies, FlashForward) to whole phrases from other words or usage (Stranger in a Strange Land, Close Encounters of the Third Kind). Your title can be a number (2012).

There is an art to this, and also a business. Star Trek and Star Wars come to mind, both short, evocative, unforgettable, and also pre-emptive ... although titles can't be copyrighted, they can be legally protected in other ways. Which means that you are unlikely to be able to use, say, "star" and "trek", in that order, without drawing considerable legal attention.

In fact, given the proliferation of space-related works in film, television and comic books in the past 30 years, it's become more difficult to create any new sci-fi title that uses "star" or "space."

So the difficulty is acknowledged. Lately, however, sci-fi titles have been taking some odd forms. I've always grudgingly accepted the use of numerals in sequel titles—Terminator 2, Star Trek III. (I await some illumination on the rationale for choosing Roman over Arabic, or vice versa.)

But now titles are going completely crazy. Take this summer's Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen.

My first response on hearing this was, Why not call it Transformers II? ( Or 2?) Better yet, why not Transformers II: Revenge of the Fallen?

Now, while I have a soft spot in my fingertips for the dash, I'm not judgmental about punctuation. Nevertheless, I am put off by these increasingly unwieldy titles. I fear they might collapse under their own typographical weight.

Use of the colon in sci-fi/fantasy titles goes back 40-plus years, to 2001: A Space Odyssey, where it made sense, and then to Colossus: The Forbin Project, where it didn't. (Colossus was a fine title, though it may have suggested a mythological fantasy rather than a giant mainframe computer run amok. Trust me, no one on this earth knew or cared what Forbin's project was.)

Since then we have had many, many additions to existing franchises, such as Star Trek IV: The Voyager Home (which manages to combine Roman numerals and the colon) and Star Wars V: The Empire Strikes Back.

You had Terminator 2: Judgment Day. (As if Terminator 2 alone would somehow fail to lure you to the theater.) Resident Evil: Apocalypse. Blade: Trinity. A veritable flood of wonky, colon-warped titles, culminating in oddities like Alien v. Predator: Requiem and my favorite, Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles.

Have we reached a turning point? Are sci-fi titles going to be increasingly long, twisted, over-punctuated?

And if so, is that necessarily bad?

Years ago I read a pretty good—not great—SF novel by F.M. Busby titled Rissa Kerguelen. Say what? The title was the lead character's name, just like Donnie Darko or maybe even Anna Karenina. Rissa was the story of a young woman raised in a repressive future society who, through intelligence and luck, escapes Earth and builds a space empire based on piracy and other fun stuff, all the while engaged in a torturous romance with handsome Bran Tregare, never forgetting the evil done to her by the Hulzein clan ...

It struck me then—and time has not diminished the feeling—that Rissa would be one terrific SF series. It's got elements of Trek ... its theme is revenge ... and the lead is a woman!

Why didn't it? Well, Rissa never became a best-seller, to begin with. Frankly, it's not that well written, though I think we all know that has rarely been a factor in keeping a good story from being mined for film or television.

No, what kept this promising book under the radar for 30 years—and still keeps it there—is the dang title. Even the publishing history confuses things. In its original 1976 appearance, Rissa Kerguelen was actually split into two books, part two being The Long View (bland, generic). For paperback reprint, Rissa became a single large volume titled Saga of Rissa—words better suited to a series of novels, like Anne of Green Gables.

There was a third iteration, with Saga of Rissa split into three smaller volumes, Young Rissa and Rissa and Tregare, along with The Long View.

Busby published several other novels in the same storyline, with titles like Star Rebel (not bad, this one) and Rebel's Quest.

When, with Busby's permission, I began talking up Rissa, I simply called it The Hulzein Saga, knowing that it was only a small improvement. ("What's a Hulzein?") The shorthand phrase I began to use was this: "Think of it as Lace in Space". (Lace was a notorious miniseries of years past, starring Phoebe Cates as a young woman bent on destroying those who wronged her as a child ...)

But, in all honesty, the project needed to be known as The Hulzein Saga: Young Rissa.

The title needed a colon.

Why is this important? There's artistic satisfaction, of course. But the real driver is ease of marketing. The amount of money spent to market a new sci-fi title—to produce those print ads, commercials, trailers and viral web dealies—is usually equal to the production costs. In television, those costs might be greater than what it costs to actually make the series.

Long, colon-encrusted titles are more difficult to sell. They don't fit on the sides of buses. They are smaller on billboards.

And they don't allow for easy abbreviation, for tagging or listing on Hulu or elsewhere. Alien vs. Predator: Requiem became AvP: R. Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles became known as TSCC—fun for everyone who knows what they stand for, but what about the millions of potential viewers who don't?

I don't expect my protests hamper this trend ... all I can do is try to figure out a way to trademark the colon.

Michael Cassutt has published 11 books, both fiction and nonfiction, many with titles that are not unique (e.g. Missing Man). He has also published 30 short stories and a couple of hundred pieces of journalism and commentary, and is credited on 60 television episodes for series such as Twilight Zone and Farscape.
How the best (and worst) sci-fi film titles were born
What's with all the colons? Are sci-fi titles going to be increasingly long, twisted, over-punctuated?
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(23) COMMENTS

Acceler8:
Rambo: First Blood Part II Why not just Second Blood? P.S. How do you get italics in these things?...More »


Comments

By jdmimic at 10:28 AM ON 11/04/09

As long as most of our movies are sequels and the producers see "franchises" rather than movies, yes, we will see colonized names. I expect to see movies start coming out soon where the first one has a colon. "Space Trek 1: Captain Bob in Grade School".

By pjowens75 at 10:47 AM ON 11/04/09

"The Space Movie 1: Just In Case There Is Another Movie In The Series (Although We Won't Know For Sure Until After Opening Weekend)"

Kinda catchy...marketing might hate it, but legal will love it.

By pittbaster at 10:59 AM ON 11/04/09

Oddly enough, the title of this article was misleading.

May I suggest "Sci-Fi Titles: Legacy of the Colon"?

By scjessey at 11:07 AM ON 11/04/09

"...and Star Wars V: The Empire Strikes Back."

Heresy! It's "The Empire Strikes Back" to real fans of Star Wars. I agree with Eli Wallace in the matter of Star Wars numbering.

By PALADIN at 11:41 AM ON 11/04/09

Well, come now...All titles cannot have the raw power and emotional impact of "The Incredibly Strange Creatures Who Stopped Living And Became Crazy Mixed-Up Zombies"...

Howz about...
"Sci Fi Wire; The Search For Website Topic Material Filler"...?

To be followd by "Son Of Sci Fi Wire The Search For Website Topic Material Filler Part II ; Desperately Grasping"

By yokozuka at 12:44 PM ON 11/04/09

Good one PALADIN!! YOu certanly nailed them!!
hahahahha, xD
I Just saw ¨The 50 Worst Movies Ever Made¨ last night and "The Incredibly Strange Creatures Who Stopped Living And Became Crazy Mixed-Up Zombies" was among the worst-god-awful movies ever, i didn´t know it existed!(lol), and here i thought ¨Cabin Fever¨ or ¨Star Quest:The Odyssey¨ were the most horrendus movies ever! xD

By Road Runner at 1:23 PM ON 11/04/09

When the second Alien movie was titled Aliens instead of Alien 2, I thought that left wide open the possibilities for the third Alien movie title. Which should it have been? Alien 3, Alien 2, Aliens 2, More Aliens, Another Alien?

By Gilveron at 1:46 PM ON 11/04/09

"The Incredibly Strange Creatures Who Stopped Living And Became Crazy Mixed-Up Zombies" was actually riffed on MST3K. I believe it was one of the later, Sci-Fi Channel episodes.

By Miraxian at 1:52 PM ON 11/04/09

Star Trek IV: The Voyager Home

Voyager?

By izzardfan at 1:55 PM ON 11/04/09

It's "Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home" NOT VoyageR.

By Sheep Farm at 1:56 PM ON 11/04/09

I don't think "Doctor Who" has ever been explained. I have my own story for that, however. We know that the Doctor stole the TARDIS (with Susan). I think the Doctor and Susan were running from the (other) Timelords before finally stealing the TARDIS. The Timelords didn't realize what the Doctor had done, and assumed that he was still around. Meanwhile. someone discovered that particular TARDIS missing, and questioned Who may have stolen it. Finally, the pieces fell together, and it was discovered that the Doctor escaped in it. So, Who stole that TARDIS? The Doctor, that's Who! That how I think the show got its name.

By PALADIN at 2:13 PM ON 11/04/09

RE: " don't think "Doctor Who" has ever been explained"

--- Well, the character has never been referred to as 'Doctor Who' within the series, merely as 'The Doctor'. The 'Who' appellation was a BBC effort to connote an aura of mystery and adventure.

It was either that or 'Have TARDIS - Will Travel' . : )

By Josh at 2:16 PM ON 11/04/09

And you have to also love the rare movie that can fit two colons into its title:

LARA CROFT: TOMB RAIDER: THE CRADLE OF LIFE.

By more filler at syfy at 2:27 PM ON 11/04/09

@PALADIN

I guess you never saw The War MAchines where WOTAN demanded "Bring me Dr. Who!"

By yawner at 2:34 PM ON 11/04/09

Must be a slow day at scifi

By thunderstud at 2:48 PM ON 11/04/09

about the Doctor never being referred to as "Doctor Who"... there was a recent one (from the newer series) where the dialogue was: "I'm the Doctor!"
"Doctor? Doctor Who?"
"Exactly!"
(I remember that because it was funny).

By sequels at 3:16 PM ON 11/04/09

What I don't like, is when there is no consistency in sequel titles.

Example. X-Men , X2: X-Men United , X-Men: The Last Stand. Why was it not X3?

Or another exapmle: Jurassic Park , The Lost World: Jurassic Park , Jurassic Park III
What??

That drives me crazy.

By javaman at 3:31 PM ON 11/04/09

@sequels. Get a load of this.

http://www.allmovietalk.com/?p=55

By alduc at 8:32 PM ON 11/04/09

Anime series (and spin-off movies) have the best titles. Two good examples:

- Mobile Suit Gundam Seed Destiny
- Ghost In the Shell: Stand Alone Complex: Solid State Society

By GERRYKO at 2:34 AM ON 11/05/09

GITS: SAC: SSS

By Whovian0 at 8:38 AM ON 11/05/09

The name was chosen for mystery and intrigue, but:

In the first episode (An Unearthly Child"), the Doctor's granddaughter Susan adopted the surname "Foreman" for her school enrollment. The name was taken from the junkyard where the TARDIS had landed. Susan's teacher Ian met her grandfather and addressed him as "Doctor Foreman". The Doctor responds, "Eh? Doctor who? What's he talking about?" Later, when he realizes that "Foreman" is not the Doctor's name, Ian asks Barbara, "Who is he? Doctor who?"

By weepingangel at 3:20 PM ON 11/05/09

In regards to WOTAN calling the character "Doctor Who," that is the only time in the series (classic or revived) that the character has been directly called "Doctor Who." Most people consider it an error on the part of the writers, since the character's name is not "Who." Though some people may recall that the 3rd Doctor's car Bessie had a license plate WHO1....
The title of the series is "Doctor Who," as PALADIN stated above, to add a sense of mystery to the character. His true name is some sort of secret. Though, as Christopher Eccleston's 9th Doctor puts it, "900 years in, I'm coping!" It is also, as Whovian0 says, a play on words, the recurring "Doctor who?" gag.

And I also agree that the title of this article is deceptive, though I totally concur that colons are being overused in cinematic titles, as well. Maybe because writers are having a harder and harder time coming up with original material, so they just go and write a sequel instead? Saw VI, anyone?

By Acceler8 at 11:09 PM ON 11/09/09

Rambo: First Blood Part II

Why not just Second Blood?

P.S. How do you get italics in these things?


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